Mesopotamia used to be a civilization in modern day Iraq and Iran. It is in between the two rivers, Euphrates and Tigris. The two rivers were heavily relied on for water. Mesopotamia’s fertile, flat land made farming easy and possible.
Mesopotamia was located in the Fertile Crescent. The Fertile Crescent has moist, soft land that is easy to farm in. Mesopotamia was located in modern day Iraq. Mesopotamia was neighbors with Syria, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Jorden, and TurkeyTrade. Did you know Mesopotamia actually means in between two rivers. The two rivers Mesopotamia is in between are the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. Mesopotamia has the latitude of 40°30’09” North and the longitude of 21°09’39” East. There were also a lot of cities in Mesopotamia.
Sumer was one of the cities in Mesopotamia. Sumer had flat land and it rained very little there. When it did rain it was usually in the cold months. When it rained a whole lot the Tigris and Euphrates rivers flooded it also flooded from the snow. After those two rivers flooded they created the Fertile Crescent. In the Fertile Crescent the soil was soft and was good for the farmers to plant in. There was a lot of water in Sumer. Even the Red and Black sea was by Mesopotamia.
All of the cities and places i’m about to talk about are located in Mesopotamia or near Mesopotamia. Sumer was a town in the southern most part of Mesopotamia. It is the earliest known civilization. They settled in between 4000- 4500 BCE. After Sumer is Babylon. Babylon was an ancient city of Mesopotamia. Babylon was on the Euphrates River. It is the most important city in the middle east because it was the capital of Mesopotamia. Next after Babylon is Phoenicia. Phoenicia is on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea stretching threw Syria. Phoenicia is known to be an ancient civilization. When Phoenicia fell it became a part of Syria and was then named Syria. Their king was the god of the sea.
Now for the Mediterranean Sea. The Mediterranean sea covers 2.5 million km and is 2500 meters deep with a width of 8.7 miles wide. It is connected to the Atlantic Ocean. Last but not least is the Fertile Crescent. The Fertile Crescent has moist fertile land that is easy to farm in. The Fertile Crescent goes throughout Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Jorden, Israel, and Egypt. It even goes threw Mesopotamia
People in Mesopotamia had a lot of major trade routes. They traded with India in 1000 BC, with Endesvally, and Egypt. They used the system of barter. When they traded they used barley for their money. If they wanted barley they would have to talk to the barley banker which charged very high interest. To get places they rode on camels and rode on boats across the Nile, Yellow, Tigris, and Euphrates rivers.
Mesopotamia had a good army and was usually never defeated. There were not a lot of armies that could defeat Mesopotamia’s army because they were well trained and had good weapons. When they won, they would go to new lands. After 300 years Mesopotamia grew bigger and bigger from the lands they took over. When they did go to war they went to good lands that had lots of money so they would get all the money from that land. They battled with Selman Pak on the Tigris River.
In Mesopotamia there were many temperatures. In summer it was very hot and dry, the temperatures reached up to 70°- 85°. Also in the summer there was little rain so they had to rely on the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. In winter it was cool and wet, the temperatures got to 15°-60°. When it was winter it was wet and they didn’t have to rely on the Tigris and Euphrates river as much as they did in the summer. Up in the mountains in the winter they got to 15°- 50°
As you can see Mesopotamia was very unique. So next time you see the farmers working or the ground is fertile and soft, think of Mesopotamia. Mesopotamia has lots of cities and many trading routes they used the system of barter and had many ways to get to places. Mesopotamia was in between the two rivers, the Tigris and Euphrates that flooded in the colder months. They had a very good army and usually didn’t get defeated. So remember Mesopotamia is the first known civilization that started our normal everyday lives.